a caste system for the pagan gods of the Philippines, it would likely reflect the complex and layered nature of Filipino mythology, where different beings hold various levels of power and influence. Here's how such a hierarchy might be structured:
SUPREME DEITY
Ang kaitaas taasan Ang diwata ng mga diwata, anito ng mga anito
1. Supreme Deity
- Role: The highest and most powerful being, often regarded as the creator of the universe and the source of all life. This deity would be above all others in power and authority.
- Example: Bathala (Tagalog), Kan-Laon/Laon (Visayan), or Kabunian (Ilocano) could be considered the Supreme Deity, depending on the ethnic group.
Philippine Sun gods |
2. High Gods
- Role: Powerful deities who rule over major aspects of the world and life, such as the sky, sea, underworld, war, fertility, or agriculture. They are often directly involved in the lives of humans and have their own areas of influence. Philippine lunar gods and solar gods would typically belong to the High Gods category. War deities
- Examples:
- Amanikable (Tagalog god of the sea)
- Idiyanale (Tagalog goddess of labor and good deeds)
- Lalahon ( Visayan goddess of harvest and volcanoes)
- Apolaki (Tagalog mythology) is a prime example, being both a god of the sun and war, making him a powerful and prominent figure in the pantheon.
- Mandarangan (Bagobo mythology) is another war deity, associated with violence, battle, and the forces of destruction.
3. Minor Gods
- Role: Lesser deities who preside over more specific domains or aspects of life, such as particular natural phenomena, elements of nature, or human activities. They are important within their niches but do not wield the same level of power as the High Gods.
- Examples:
- Anitun Tabu (goddess of wind and rain in Tagalog mythology)
- Linti (Bicolano elemental of lighting)
- Dalogdog (Bicolano elemental of lighting and thunder)
4. Nature Spirits (Diwata,Anitos)
- Role: Spirits associated with natural elements such as trees, mountains, rivers, and forests. These spirits are often worshiped or revered locally, believed to inhabit specific natural locations and to protect or influence these areas.
- Examples: Acacia and Balete tree spirits, Diwatas (nature spirits in forests and mountains), Kalangan (tree spirits)
- Maria Makiling, Maria Sinukuan
5. Ancestral Spirits (Anito, Umalagad)
- Role: Spirits of deceased ancestors who are venerated and called upon for guidance, protection, and blessings. They maintain a close relationship with the living, often influencing family and community affairs.
- Examples: Anitong Ninuno The Kaluluwa or spirits of the dead that are honored in rituals and ceremonies.
6. Demigods
- Role: Beings of mixed divine and mortal heritage, often heroes or significant figures in mythology who possess extraordinary abilities or have been favored by the gods. They serve as intermediaries between gods and humans and often perform great deeds.
- Examples: Figures like Lam-Ang (Ilocano hero) or Handiong (Bicolano hero).
Lambana |
Engkanto |
7.Nature Fairies and Lesser Spirits
- Role: Smaller, more localized spirits and fairies that might be mischievous, protective, or helpful. They are closely associated with particular elements of nature or small-scale phenomena.
- Examples:
- Lambana (fairies and assisting higher diwata)
- Engkantos (enchanted beings, often found in nature Tamawo,Dalaketnon ect..)
REMINDER
The orally transmitted mythology of the Philippines is intended for sharing and understanding, not for appropriation, commercial exploitation, or the promotion of foreigners and foreign products. It is a dynamic narrative tradition that evolves over time, distinct from the standardized mythologies found in Western and European cultures. Unlike these established mythologies, the Philippine government has not mandated standardized versions of stories and legends.
Orally transmitted stories undergo variations and evolve over time, resulting in numerous different versions. There are many different version told by Filipinos, and retold by Filipinos.
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