TATLONG BULOD - LEGEND OF THE THREE MOUNTAINS OF BICOL

THE LEGEND OF THE THREE MOUNTAINS 

Long ago there was a rich land called Ibalon, where the people venerated their gods and in return was bountiful catch and harvest and fine weather. One of the colonies ruled by Datu Makusog(his name means strong) and his wife Diwani, the had two daughters named Malinao and Masaraga. Later Diwani became pregnant with her youngest daughter which they named Magayon. The three grew up to be the loveliest maidens in all of Ibalon, specially Magayaon. Masaraga was of short stature and was a brown beauty, she was strong willed and industrious and prayed to the gods often. She wanted to learn the knowledge and secrets of the gods so Ibalon could prosper more.  Malinao is lithe and soft spoken is of a different beauty and character she is very light of skin and was forbidden to go out of their abode. Youngest and most beautiful was Magayon Beautiful but proud and moody, some say she was blessed with having golden-copper  skin and copper colored hair.

The three sisters being the loveliest maidens were chosen dance for their whole colony the rituals of ''atang'' and ''haliya'' but Magayon being stubborn refuses, but is later conviced by her eldest sister Masaraga.

Masaraga was favored by the gods for her deeds and her plans for Ibalon, but it was also the thing that would lead to her demise and hr sister Malinao's demise. Favored by Gugurang she had learned the secrets of herbs and potions and practical healing. But this angered Oryol who was the daughter of the deity Asuang. Oryol sang and her lovely voice called the Banog. The Banog was winged monster half-man and half-bird. Oryol commanded the Banog to fly and kill Masaraga for she had learned the secrets of the gods. And so the Banog did as commanded and went to where Masaraga was and scooped her and flew high. When they were high enough the Banog dropped Masaraga.

Oryol thinking that Masaraga had told the secrets of the gods to her sister Malinao also plotted to kill her.Malinao was a maiden who rarely leaves their abode, and when she does she is always carried in a hammock or a basket by their slaves. She was well kept for because she is much favored by the god of the sea Magindang. For her light skin reminds the sea god of Bulan, the god of the moon. ever since Malinao was born their had always been a bountiful catch from sea, and when Malinao is sad their fisher men could not catch fish. Oryol had to think of how to kill Malinao. She transformed herself into a appearance of Masaraga.  Masaraga(who was Oryol in disguise) tricked Malinao into coming with her to the shallow waters. She carried Malinao on her back, Oryol sang and her beautiful voice called the vicious Magindara (mermaids) She threw Malinao to the water and the vicious mermaids did the rest.

So lastly Oryol had to deal with the proud Daragang Magayon. Magayon had many suitors. Among her many suitors were nobles, and one of them was  Datu Pagtuga(Eruption) of the Iraga. Datu Pagtuga brought with him many baskets filled pearls dived from the deep sea, and as many gold as his servants could carry, he thought that he could win over Magayon's heart with riches. But Magayon was proud of her beauty and of her status, she rejected Datu Pagtuga and her other suitors. One day a young noble and his men arrived in Datu Makusog's territory. It was Gino(prince) Panganoron or as his men called him Gino Ulap (Ginoong Ulap/Prince Cloud) to seek a bride. Ulap has heard of the beauty of Daragang Magayon and has come a long way just to see her. Panganoron had light skin and the people said that it is because his mother was of the wind people (tawong lipod)

some say his mother was a mermaid. So Gino Panganoron was captivated by Magayon's beauty, Panganoron was patient with Magayon. 

One day Magayon went to the river called Yawa. Oryol was waiting for Magayon, She used her voice to charm Magayon into going to the river and had made sure that the stones were slippery, Oryol also had mermaids there to drown Magayon once she fell on the river. So as planned Magayon came and and slipped into the river where she almost drowned if not Ulap(Panganoron) who saves Magayon

He carried her home, When they arrived he threw his spear in front of Magayon's abode proclaiming he wants to marry her. The proud Magayon now humbled accepts the proposal, grateful that the noble Ulap saved his remaining daughter Datu Makusog agrees to the wedding. Ulap must return to his land for the preparation of their wedding, and also to bring treasures from his land as a gift to his soon to be bride.

Oryol angered that her plan to kill Magayon failed thought of another plan. She sang, her beautiful voice implanted evil thoughts on Datu Pagtuga's head.

When Datu Makusog was hunting Datu pagtuga and his men abducted him

He threatened Magayon telling her he will kill his father and wage war if she refuse to marry him.

Against her will and her heart she agrees.

Ulap heard of the horrible news and he wasted no time returning to Rawis On their wedding day

Ulap and his men arrived and rained arrows over Pagtuga and his men. A great battle instead of a wedding feast took place. Ulap was able to defeat Pagtuga

Magayon jubilant runs over to her beloved but as she was about to hold him, an arrow struck her from behind. Ulap shocked by this let his guard down which Linog (Pagtuga's most loyal warrior) saw as his chance, he struck Ulap using a spear Datu Makusog killed the man who struck Ulap using his bolo(large single-edged knife).They buried the two young lovers together

The gods had saw what had happened to the three sisters, In remembrance to the ground where Masaraga fell to her death Mount Masaraga appeared,and in the place where Malinao drowned Mount Malinao appeared.

Lastly where Magayon and Panganoron were buried Mount Magayon now called mount Mayon is now located. People believe that when clouds cover the top of Mayon volcano, it signifies that Ulap is kissing Magayon

the three moutains myth

In the ancient land of Ibalon, a realm of opulence and reverence for the divine, thrived under the rule of Datu Makusog and his wife Diwani. They were blessed with three daughters: Malinao, Masaraga, and Magayon. These young women, particularly Magayon, were renowned for their exceptional beauty and unique qualities. Masaraga, despite her petite stature, possessed a robust spirit and an insatiable curiosity for the gods' secrets, while Malinao, with her delicate features and ethereal presence, was sheltered within the confines of their home due to her sacred connection to the sea deity, Magindang. Magayon, the youngest and most striking of the sisters, garnered admiration tinged with envy for her radiant complexion and lustrous copper-colored locks.

As the loveliest maidens in Ibalon, the sisters were tasked with performing the sacred rituals of "atang" for their colony. While Masaraga eagerly embraced this duty, Magayon initially resisted, her stubbornness eventually overcome by the persuasion of her elder sister. However, their beauty and favor with the gods drew the ire of Oryol, daughter of the deity Asuang. Seeking vengeance for perceived transgressions, Oryol orchestrated tragic fates for each sister.

Masaraga, having gained divine favor through her devotion and knowledge of herbal remedies, incurred Oryol's wrath. Enraged by Masaraga's acquisition of sacred knowledge, Oryol summoned the Banog, a monstrous half-bird creature, to exact punishment. Masaraga met her demise at the claws of the Banog, dropping from great heights as a consequence of her forbidden pursuits.

Believing that Masaraga had shared divine secrets with her sisters, Oryol set her sights on Malinao. Conspiring to eliminate her, Oryol disguised herself as Masaraga and lured Malinao to her demise. Entrapped by Oryol's deceitful guise, Malinao fell victim to the merciless mermaids summoned by Oryol's enchanting voice.

Finally, Oryol targeted the proud and sought-after Magayon. Despite numerous suitors, including the wealthy Datu Pagtuga, Magayon remained steadfast in her refusal, until the arrival of Gino Panganoron, known as Gino Ulap due to his rumored heritage. Entranced by Magayon's beauty, Panganoron proved himself patient and sincere in his affections.

Oryol's last attempt to thwart destiny came as Magayon ventured to the river Yawa. Employing her beguiling voice and treacherous mermaids, Oryol orchestrated a near-fatal accident for Magayon. Yet, it was Panganoron who rescued her, solidifying his love and earning Magayon's acceptance of his proposal.

However, Oryol's vengeful machinations persisted, as she manipulated Datu Pagtuga into abducting Datu Makusog and threatening Magayon. Forced into a marriage against her will, Magayon suffered a tragic fate on her wedding day. In the ensuing chaos, both Magayon and Panganoron met untimely ends, their love immortalized in tragedy.

Witnessing the sisters' plight, the gods commemorated their sacrifices by transforming the sites of their tragedies into sacred mountains: Mounts Masaraga, Malinao, and Magayon (now known as Mayon). As legend has it, when clouds cloak the summit of Mount Mayon, it symbolizes the eternal embrace of Magayon and Panganoron, a poignant reminder of love's enduring legacy amid the trials of mortal existence.

Alamat ng tatlong bulod

 In the ancient realm of Ibalon, a land once teeming with prosperity and divine favor, a tale of horror unfolded beneath the shadows of majestic mountains and beside mysterious rivers. Ruled by the mighty Datu Makusog and his wife Diwani, the couple bore three daughters – Malinao, Masaraga, and the youngest, Magayon.

The ethereal beauty of the sisters was unmatched, and their connection to the divine was undeniable. Masaraga, the eldest, was favored by Gugurang for her wisdom and industrious spirit, a maiden who sought the secrets of the gods to bring prosperity to Ibalon. Malinao, veiled and secluded, held a mystical connection with the sea god, bringing bountiful catches from the sea. Magayon, the youngest and most striking, possessed a beauty that stirred envy, her copper-colored hair and golden skin setting her apart. Yet, her pride and disdain for others left her solitary, finding solace only in the company of birds.

As the three sisters prepared to partake in the sacred rituals of "atang" for their colony, Magayon, obstinate and proud, initially resisted. However, under the persuasion of Masaraga, she reluctantly joined. Little did they know, their participation would unravel a nightmarish series of events.

Masaraga's favor with the gods proved to be her undoing. Oryol, daughter of the deity Asuang, felt threatened by Masaraga's knowledge of herbs and potions. Enraged, Oryol summoned the Banog, a winged monster, to snatch Masaraga and plunge her to a tragic demise.

Oryol's malevolence extended to Malinao, transforming herself into the guise of Masaraga to lure her unsuspecting sister to shallow waters. With a haunting melody, Oryol summoned the Magindara, vicious mermaids who mercilessly dragged Malinao into the depths, sealing her fate.

The final target of Oryol's sinister plot was the proud Magayon. Despite numerous suitors, including the wealthy Datu Pagtuga, Magayon remained unyielding. However, when the noble Gino Panganoron arrived, Magayon's heart wavered. Oryol, seizing the opportunity, sought to manipulate Magayon's emotions.

At the river called Yawa, Oryol set her trap. With slippery stones and enchanting melodies, Magayon fell into the river. Yet, Gino Panganoron intervened, saving her life. Grateful and humbled, Magayon accepted his proposal, sparking the ire of Oryol.

Determined to thwart their union, Oryol influenced Datu Pagtuga to abduct Magayon's father. Threatened with war and her father's life hanging in the balance, Magayon reluctantly agreed to marry Datu Pagtuga.

Ulap, hearing the distressing news, rushed back to Rawis for their wedding. However, Oryol's malevolence persisted, instigating a battle between Ulap and Pagtuga. In the chaos, Magayon's heartbreak reached its peak as an arrow struck her, and Ulap, in grief, succumbed to a fatal blow from Pagtuga's loyal warrior, Linog.

United in death, Magayon and Panganoron were buried together. The gods, witnessing the tragedy, marked the locations where the sisters met their demise – Mount Masaraga, Mount Malinao, and the now-dreaded Mount Mayon.

Legend persists that when clouds shroud the summit of Mayon, it symbolizes Ulap forever kissing the beautiful Magayon, an eternal reminder of the harrowing tale that unfolded in the cursed lands of Ibalon.

DARAGANG MAGAYON  ALAMAT KAN MAYONG

Kaitong panahon igwang magayonon na daragang apod Daragang Magayon. Aki siya ni Datu Makusog asin ni Dawani kan tribu sa Rawis, na harani sa dagat. Bantog sa Bikol and saiyang kagayonan, kaya dakol na buot mag-agom saiya. An pinakama-igot asin pinakamayaman si Pagtuga, an pamayo sa Iriga, na nagdadara saiya ki mga bulawan na gamit asin magagayon na bado. Ako man gabos ni Datu Makusog ta habo niyang madagit si Pagtuga, na mainiton an payo. Alagad habo ni Magayon ki Pagtuga ta di niya uyon an ugali na abaw-abaw.

Napaagi sa Rawis si Panganoron na taga-Kaliraya asin kan nahiling niya si Magayon, tulos siyang namuot sa daraga. Sinundan niya si Magayon dawa magsain. Sarong aldaw kan nagkarigos sa salog si Magayon dinara kan sulog dangan malalamos. Tulos siyang nailigtas ni Panganoron, na matibay maglangoy mala namundag sa danaw asin sabi aki kan magindara. Dai naghaloy, nagkaminuotan sinda. Bilang pagsunod sa kaugalian, nagduman si Panganoron sa harong ni Magayon dangan itinusok niya su garud sa daga bilang pahiling na buot niyang mag-agom sa daraga.

Dagit si Pagtuga kan naaraman an ginibo ni Panganoron. Tulos niyang pinaapod si Linog, an dakulaon niyang tauhan, na pag naglakaw minahiro an daga. Sa tabang ni Linog, dinakop ninda si Datu Makusog dangan itinago sa lungib harani sa Danaw Buhi. Dangan sinugo si Linog na sabihon kay Magayon na magpaagom saiya kun buot pang mahiling na buhay an ama.

Kan naaraman ni Panganoron an nangyari, nangako siya na ililigtas si Datu Makusog, alagad mauli siya sa Kaliraya tanganing magkua ki mga kasurog.

Sinabi ni Linog na dapat bago magbilog an bulan maaraman na kun uyon o dai si Magayon na magpaagom kay Pagtuga. Napiritan mag-uyon si Magayon tanganing mailigtas su buhay kan ama. Ipinataan su aldaw kan pag-agom. Sa taan na aldaw, nakabalik si Datu Makusog.

Bago natapos su panunumpa sa pag-agom, nag-abot si Panganoron kaibahan su mga kasurog. Matindi su labanan. Nagadan ni Panganoron si Pagtuga. Kan nahiling su namomotan, duminalagan, kuminugos si Magayon ki Panganoron. Alagad nahiling sinda ni Linog dangan sabay sindang tinuhog kan dakulang garud. Pagbagsak, sabay na gadan su nagkaminootan. Ipinagadan man tulos ni Datu Makusog si Linog.

Saro an linubungan ki Panganoron asin Magayon. Sa pagagi kan panahon, nagparahalangkaw su linubungan sagkod nagin magayonon na bulod. Inapod ini kan mga tawo na Bulod Mayong—na pinahalipot na Magayon. Kadaklan na aldaw napapandungan ni Panganoron si Mayong. 

Basic version of Legend of Mayon

There was once a beautiful maiden named Daragang Magayon. She was the daughter of Datu Makusog and Dawani of Rawis, a tribe in a land near the sea. Her beauty was known throughout Bikol and she had many suitors. But none was so powerful, persistent and rich as Pagtuga, a chieftain from Iriga, who showered her with gifts of golden trinkets and fine woven clothes. Datu Makusog would accept the gifts for fear of displeasing the ill-tempered Pagtuga. But Magayon would not touch the gifts, because she hated Pagtuga’s abrasive and impulsive mood.

A stranger named Panganoron from the lake-town of Caliraya accidentally passed by Rawis and saw Magayon and was captivated by her beauty. He instantly fell in love with her and secretly followed her everywhere. One day, while bathing in the river Magayon was caught in an undercurrent and nearly drowned. Panganoron, who was born near a lake and whose mother was thought to be a mermaid, saved her. In no time, they fell in love with each other. Consistent with the tradition of the time, Panganoron visited Magayon’s home and planted a spear on the ground fronting her window, signifying his intention to marry her.

Pagtuga was furious when he learned of this. He called Linog, his henchman, who was a creature so large that the ground he plodded on would shake. With the help of Linog, Pagtuga captured Datu Makusog, and imprisoned him in a cave near Lake Buhi. Then thru Linog he sent word to Magayon that unless the beautiful maiden marries him, she will never see her father again.

When Panganoron learned about the abduction of Makusog, he promised Magayon that he will save her father, but for the meantime he will go back to Caliraya and fetch his warriors.

Linog pressed Magayon to decide before the full moon lest her father would die. Magayon found no other way of saving the life of his father but to agree to marry Pagtuga. The marriage was arranged. On their wedding day, Datu Makusog was released and was to attend the ceremony.

Before the wedding ceremony was over, Panganoron and his warriors arrived and a battle with Pagtuga and his men ensued. Panganoron was able to slay Pagtuga. On seeing her triumphant lover, Magayon rushed to Panganoron and they embraced. However Linog saw this, and he swiftly hurled his powerful spear that pierced the bodies of the lovers. They both fell dead. Linog was eventually killed by Datu Makusog.

Panganoron and Magayon were burried in one grave. As time passed, the mound on the grave grew higher and higher until it became a majestic mountain. The people called it Mount Magayon, which was later shortened to Mayon. Most of the day, Panganoron, in the form of clouds would cover and protect Mayon.

Ibalong

The Ibálong, also known as Handiong, or Handyong folk epic of Bikol (region of Philippines). It is a narrated and orally passed down by male epic chanters called Kadunung

Long ago there was a land called Ibalong (literally means ''the other side''), From the sea came ships bearing people, their leader was said to be a descendant of the gods. Muscular and skin so pale, but some say he was tanned from the sun  (clad in gold ornaments, but many believe he came from the line of "tawong lipod (wind people) for he is fast and strong.)
The people that came from the sea, led by Baltog (He and his people came to Albay by the way of Makabalo river. and settled in Tundol.
These people say that the soil was rich and lush but also infested by beasts and strange creatures.)

These people prayed to their sun and moon gods
They decided to make the land their new colony
built their houses, cultivated and planted their crops.

The beast and creatures of the land were forced to move away from the lands they have once lived and roamed. The biggest of the beast was the Tandayang sa opon, a gigantic wild boar that was seemingly intelligent for the beast would attack the field during the night where none is guarding it.   Baltog a linsa patch in Tondol (now in Kamalig) which, one night the Tandayang sa Opon destroyed.

Baltog furious of what happened to the crops chased the Tandayag, killed it with his bare hands, and hung its enormous jawbones on a talisay tree(tropical lead wood tree *Terminalia catappa) in front of his house in Tondol

Upon learning of the victory of their Chief Baltog, the people prepared a feast and celebrated. The very big jawbones of the dead boar became an attraction for everyone. Thus, came the tribes of Panikwason and Asog(sect of male shamans and witch doctors) to marvel at it

And again from some land far from Ibalong men came. Lead by a man tall and muscular and armed with a "bolo". (a large single-edged knife)

Handyong. Together with his men upon arriving to the land they wanted to purge, to kill and slaughter all the non-human creatures, so they could live in this new land.

 First fought the one-eyed monster with three necks in the land of Ponong. For ten months, they fought without rest. And they never stopped fighting until all these monsters were killed.

The warriors vanquished the giant next
They went to the lair of the giant flying fishes called Tiburon which had slimy, scaly, and hardy flesh and saw-like teeth that could crush rocks. Handiong and his men did not stop until they vanquished every Tiburon

After killing all the flying fishes they seek to enslave the Tamaraw.
They forcefully tamed the fierce tamaraw.

The creatures of Ibalon was now endangered and wanted to fight back.
The large Sarimao and his kind went  to fight the warriors
 But the warriors blessed by the moon god, and strong were skilled and killed all the sarimao and drove away the giant Sarimaw (they drove it to mount Kulasi)

They used their spears and arrows to kill all the Buaya some which were mosnters that could both fight in land and water, Some Buaya were humanlike but with crocodile features some are crocodiles which were bigger than boats. the slaughter of these creatures was witnessed by the monkeys frightened and hid to the forest.

They purge the lands of all its mythic creatures they the rivers and swamps of Ibalon turn red with blood. Asuang the lord of all monster told his eldest daughter that the time of the monsters had ended and that the age of man has come. He wanted to intervene but Gugurang favored men more, Asuang also reminds Gugurang that after man vanquishes them monsters, man will then attempt to conquer even heaven

Oryol, a beautiful demigoddess decided to stop the foreign warriors. Hadiog and his men learned of a serpentine beast named Oryol, Handiog and his men set traps for Oryol but she is intelligent and does not fall into their traps.

Oryol is beautiful but half of her body is that of a huge serpent. With the help of the magindara (vicious mermaids) and other Naga (eel mermaids)  She used her voice and did so the mermaids to lure the warrior, she and the mermaids were able to slay most of Handiog's men. Handiog angered seek revenged and sealed the mermaids inside a huge cave (in Mount Hantik)

Handiog searched alone for Oryol. While looking for the monster Oryol, he heard singing and was captivated by it, only to find out it was Oryol. The two battled, they gained respect for one another for they were both strong and able combatant. The two fell in love.
Oryol thought Handiog the secrets of governing the lands.

art by Godfrey Escota

Oryol could have killed him but she fell in love with her and help Handiong clean the land of monsters. He with the help of the demi-goddess Oryol revealing the secrets of the gods and beast made Bicol flourished. with Oryol's help Handyong defeated the giant crocodiles in combat, Handyong and Oryol who killed many the Buwaya, which lead tinged the Bicol River red with blood. The survivors were banished, along with Sarimao, and were seal away inside Mount Kulasi.

Years have passed and Ibalong was rich and bountiful. Handiong built colonies in Isarog and a season of progress followed. Under Handiong‘s leadership, the people planted rice which they named after him. He built the first boat to ride the waves of Ibalon seas. Because of his good example, inventors came forth from his people. Ginantong made the plow, harrow, and other farming tools. Hablom invented the first loom for weaving abaca clothes. Dinahon, an Aeta, created the stove, cooking pot, earthen jar, and other kitchen utensils. The brilliant Sural thought of the alphabet and started to write on white rock.  Ibalon was rich and gold was abundant and even slaves were respected under the laws of Handiong.

Having freed the land from wild beasts, he devoted himself to a settled life. He exhorted his people to plant linsa and rice. He built the first boats ever to sail the Bikol river; its rudder and sail were contributions of Guimantong, one of his men, who also invented the plow, harrow and roll, including the ganta and other measures, the yoke, bolo and hoe.
Hablon invented a weaving loom and bobbins. The native of Dinahon worked on the jar, claypot, stove, earthen bowl and other household utensils. Sural carved a Bikol syllabary out of a stone from Libong, and polished to shine by Gapon.
Handiong and his men built towns. The houses of varying sizes hung from the branches of the banasi and the kamagong trees. The reason was that it was only up in the moog, as the houses were called, that one could escape the heat, swarming insects and wild animals.


Laws were set to ensure the protection of life and honor, and accord equality to all without distinction. With this, respect for rights of heritage and succession were guaranteed, and slave and master kept to his own place. 

All is well until the gods intervened. The god of storms Onos, muscular with tattoos decorating his face and body, kept close watch over a child named Takay, Takay grew up into a beautiful young maiden. Onos fell in love with the fair Takay. The god of the moon warns the god of the storms that gods cannot fall for mortals. Onos came down and confessed his love for the fair Takay, but Takay's heart already belonged another, a young man named Kamaway. Angered by this Onos flew in search of Kanaway. He struck Kanaway with lightning believing by killing him Takay would love him. He shot Kanaway with his lightning but Kanaway only turned to stone, he god angry and attacked mt. Asog with numerous lighting bolts (thus making it sink and turn into now Lake Buhi) The god of storms called fort winds and rain.  Three volcanoes—Hamtik, Kulasi and Isarog—erupted simultaneously, and caused a strip of land, now known as Pasacao, to rise from the sea.

Onos had brought deluge and flood waters. From the heavens the moon gods Bulan and Haliya saw the whole thing, pitied the star-crossed lovers. They descended down to bathe in the waters of Lake Buhi. The plans water plants were attending to the remains of Takay, the moon gods Bulan and Haliya transformed Takay into beautiful flowers and gave them to the water plants.

Spurned by the mortal she loves Onos had destroyed Ibalong.
A great beast appeared in the land of Ibalong. Half human half monster, it was Rabot
His voice loud and booming. He is strong and fierce and could make men turn to stone.
The hero Bantong (who was Handiog's friend) set out to kill this new threat to the lands of Ibalong. He took with him a thousand men. The monster was strong. So Bantog had to use his head, he observed the monster and found out that it liked to sleep. So he waited for his chance, when the monster slept he stabbed it. With a single stab, Bantong killed the beast and  brought peace back to the land of Ibalong''

When Bantong killed the fierce half-man and beast, Rabot. Curiously, Handyong was saddened by Rabot's death. it signals the passing of an era, when men proved to be more vicious than any monsters with free will and the skill of the hunt, when magic and ceremonial incantations infused life and explained his questions about life and nature and the supernatural. Some also speculate it was a foreboding of the coming subjugation of the Spaniards.

REMINDER

The orally transmitted mythology of the Philippines is intended for sharing and understanding, not for appropriation, commercial exploitation, or the promotion of foreigners and foreign products. It is a dynamic narrative tradition that evolves over time, distinct from the standardized mythologies found in Western and European cultures. Unlike these established mythologies, the Philippine government has not mandated standardized versions of stories and legends.

Orally transmitted stories undergo variations and evolve over time, resulting in numerous different versions. There are many different version told by Filipinos,and retold by Filipinos.

The Cosmic Tragedy and the Genesis of Humanity Bicolano Mythology

The Cosmic Tragedy and the Genesis of Humanity

In the distant past, when nothing but the void enveloped the universe, the great sea emerged, accompanied by the vast expanse of the endless skies. Within this cosmic realm, gods and mythical beings held dominion over their respective domains. This essay explores the mythical narrative of creation, family betrayal, divine punishment, and the emergence of humanity from the remnants of a cosmic tragedy.

Daga, Adlao,Bulan

The kingdom of the skies was ruled by the great god Languit, while the vast expanse of water was under the sovereignty of Tubigan. Languit had a daughter named Dagat, the personification of the sea, who became the wife of Paros, the wind, the son of Tubigan. Together, Dagat and Paros bore four children - Daga, Aldao, Bulan, and Bitoon. Each child possessed unique attributes, with Daga embodying strength, Aldao radiating joy, Bulan exhibiting submissiveness, and Bitoon graced with pure silver beauty.

The Betrayal of the Winds:

After the demise of their father Paros, Daga, the eldest son, assumed control of the winds. Ambitious and power-hungry, Daga convinced his younger brothers, Bulan and Aldao, to join him in attacking the kingdom of Languit. The brothers, initially hesitant, succumbed to Daga's anger and embarked on their expedition, attempting to breach the gates of the sky.

Cosmic Consequences:

Their attack proved disastrous, as the enraged Languit unleashed three bolts of lightning upon them. Struck by divine wrath, Bulan's copper body melted into a ball, Aldao's golden body met a similar fate, and Daga's body fell into the sea, becoming the earth. Meanwhile, Bitoon, upon discovering the absence of her brothers, met the same fate when Languit struck her with lightning, breaking her body into countless pieces.

Divine Regret and the Genesis of Humanity:

Grief-stricken, Languit descended from the sky and accused Tubigan of aiding their grandsons in the ill-fated attack. Tubigan, however, defended himself, claiming ignorance as he was asleep in the depths of the sea. In remorse, both gods wept over the loss of their grandchildren. Unable to revive them, Languit and Tubigan bestowed light upon each body. Tubigan then planted a seed, yielding a bamboo tree from which emerged the first man and woman, becoming the progenitors of the human race.

The Punishment of Maisog:

Among their descendants was Maisog, who invented a fish trap and, in an act of defiance, ordered his people to worship a massive whale, mistaking it for a god. The gods from the sky appeared, commanding Maisog to cease worship and release the whale. Maisog defied them, leading to Languit striking him with lightning, stunning him. The scattered people were punished, becoming the diverse races inhabiting the earth.

The mythical narrative of creation, betrayal, and divine punishment underscores the complexities of ancient Filipino cosmology. From the tragic demise of the winds and the beautiful Bitoon to the emergence of humanity from the remnants of cosmic sorrow, this myth provides insights into the cultural and moral values of the people. Despite the cosmic tragedy, the emergence of humanity symbolizes resilience and the continuation of life, marked by diversity and interconnectedness.

Adlao: The Jovial Golden god and the Radiant Sun

Adlao, the Bicolano god of the sun, is a primordial deity associated with sunlight, heat, and good harvest in Ibalong. Representing vitality and life-giving energy from the sun, In the Sky world he is decpited as having body of gold but whenever he descends to earth Adlao is described as exceptionally able-bodied and handsome, with golden bronzed skin—a common trait among sun gods in various ancient cultures. Adlao is revered for his role as the source of light, warmth, and life, symbolizing divine qualities.

Culturally significant, Adlao plays a central role in Bicolano beliefs, embodying the life-giving and nurturing aspects of the sun crucial for agriculture and sustenance. Festivals and rituals dedicated to Adlao are celebrated during key points in the agricultural calendar, seeking blessings for abundant harvests. The sun god's attributes influence Bicolano societal norms, reflecting warm, friendly, and hospitable characteristics.

Adlao's celestial interactions with his brother Bulan, the moon, narrate a tale of their eternal chase, symbolizing the timeless cycle of day and night. The cosmic dance unfolds as Adlao persistently pursues his younger brother Bulan, impacting the brilliance of their celestial glow.

Despite Adlao's positive demeanor, he becomes entangled in his brother Daga's ambitious schemes, illustrating themes of loyalty, familial bonds, and the challenges of diverging paths. The cosmic expedition leads to the tragic transformation of Adlao's golden body, marking the end of his celestial existence.

The demigod Sunlight, also known as Oragon, Uragon, or Oratihon, is introduced as Adlao's son. His impulsive nature causes great fire in Ibalong, leading to his banishment and the creation of hot springs from his tears.

The legend of Oratihon's ill-fated love for the maiden Sapaga in Tiwi highlights the consequences of his fiery presence, resulting in destruction and sorrow. Oratihon's tears, absorbed by the earth, become the hot springs, symbolizing a tragic but transformative event in Bicolano mythology.

 Adlao

Adlao the god of the sun in Bicolano mythology

Adlao is the primodial god of the sun and heat in Ibalong.  The god assosiacted Sunlight and heat and good harvest. He represents the vitality and life giving energy that we receive from the sun. Descried as exedingly able bodied handsome with golden brozed skin.This is a common trait of Sun Gods throughout all ancient cultures the world over. The reason for this is because the symbolic principles of the sun reflect personality traits of warm loving man. 

Adlao  is the personification of the sun and is often revered as a deity. Adlao is considered the source of light, warmth, and life. The sun's energy is seen as a representation of the divine, and Adlao is worshipped for vitality, health, 

Adlao, as a sun deity, revered for the connection between the divine and the life-giving properties of sunlight. Bicolanos may have associated Adlao with qualities such as fertility, abundance, and prosperity, viewing the deity as a benevolent force that brings blessings to their agricultural endeavors and daily lives.

Cultural Significance of Adlao:

Adlao, the sun god, occupied a central role in the belief system of the Bicolanos. His golden skin symbolized the life-giving and nurturing qualities of the sun, which was essential for agriculture and the sustenance of life. The Bicolanos, primarily engaged in agrarian pursuits, recognized the vital role of the sun in ensuring successful harvests and abundant fertility of the land. Adlao, with his strength and bravery, was perceived as the guardian of the agricultural cycle, ensuring prosperity and abundance for the people.

Moreover, Adlao's kindness was reflected in the warmth and light he provided. The sun, rising every day without fail, became a symbol of reliability and constancy for the Bicolanos. It served as a source of inspiration for their daily lives, fostering a sense of community and unity as they depended on the sun for sustenance and guidance.

Agricultural Calendar and Rituals:

Endowed with rich flatlands, Ibalong's  old economy relies heavily on agriculture up to this day present Bicol. The worship of Adlao was intricately woven into the agricultural calendar of the Bicolanos aka planting season. As an agrarian society, their lives were deeply connected to the cycles of planting, growing, and harvesting. Festivals and rituals dedicated to Adlao were celebrated at key points in the agricultural calendar, seeking blessings for a bountiful harvest. These rituals not only served as a form of gratitude to the sun god but also provided a communal space for social bonding and cultural expression.

Spiritual and Religious Beliefs:

Many ancient cultures, including those in the Philippines, incorporated solar and lunar worship into their spiritual and religious practices. The celestial bodies were often considered manifestations of divine power. Rituals, ceremonies, and temples dedicated to sun and moon deities were ways for communities to express their reverence and seek favor from the divine for various aspects of life.

The sun has always been recognized as a primary source of light, warmth, and energy. In agrarian societies like ancient Philippines, the sun was crucial for agriculture. Its energy facilitated the growth of crops, and the regular rising and setting of the sun marked the passing of days and seasons. The life-giving properties of the sun made it a natural focal point for reverence.

The symbolism of Adlao extended beyond agriculture, influencing various aspects of Bicolano life. The sun was often associated with masculine energy, and Adlao, as the sun god, represented the embodiment of strength and power. Strong but gentle, powerful but kind. This symbolism played a role in shaping societal norms, reflecting the broader cultural values of the Bicolanos being warm,friendly and hospitable. modern day Bicolanos radiate these charactheristics. the contemporary Bicolanos are also friendly and sweet. This is manifested during social celebrations and local fiestas. One way of their means to socialization is through drinking which establishes discussions with lesser inhibitions and formality. This earned them the reputation of being hospitable.

Adlao and Bulan

In a land where the sun and moon held celestial court, Adlao, the mighty and radiant sun god, reveled in playful frolics with his brother, Bulan, the fair and luminous moon. As they danced in the heavens, Adlao's patience wore thin, stirred by the mischievous playfulness of his brother. The spirited play escalated until the two celestial beings clashed in a celestial confrontation.

Adlao and Bulan

In the heat of their disagreement, Adlao's sturdy club struck one of Bulan's eyes, dimming its once radiant gleam. Now, only one eye remained capable of emitting light. In contrast, Adlao retained both his radiant eyes, shimmering more brightly than Bulan. Thus, the enchanting feud unfolded, explaining why the moon's glow became more subdued compared to the sun's radiant brilliance.

The tale continues with Adlao persistently pursuing Bulan, his less agile strides echoing through the celestial expanse. Despite Adlao's muscular build making him a less skillful runner, his pursuit of the slender and agile Bulan endured. The celestial chase continues to this day, with Adlao, the sun, tirelessly chasing after Bulan, the moon.

As Adlao passes over the flattened cut arm of Bulan, he chuckles with celestial amusement. On the other hand, when Bulan traverses Adlao's cut, flattened arm, he laments the injury but cannot halt, fearing Adlao's capture.

The cosmic chase, a timeless spectacle, symbolizes the eternal cycle of day and night. Daytime graces the world as Adlao passes overhead, while night descends when Bulan glides over us, and Adlao takes his leave. Perhaps their celestial dance will only conclude when weariness or fate catches up with them, bringing a magical end to their enduring pursuit.

The Golden Attributes of Adlao:

As the jolly fellow with a body made of gold, Adlao embodied an aura of happiness and positivity. His presence among the divine siblings brought joy and brightness, a reflection of his own golden nature. Unlike his ambitious brother Daga, Adlao's disposition was noticeably happy, and his optimism became a defining trait in the divine family.

Reluctance and Loyalty:

Despite Adlao's inherently optimistic nature, he found himself caught in the web of his elder brother Daga's ambitious schemes. Adlao, reluctant to partake in the aggressive pursuit of power, loved Daga deeply and couldn't bring himself to oppose his brother's plans. This inner conflict underscores the complex relationships within the divine family, portraying themes of loyalty, familial bonds, and the challenges of diverging paths.

The Cosmic Expedition:

As preparations were made for the ill-fated expedition to attack the gates of the sky, Adlao joined his brothers Bulan and Daga in support of Daga's ambitions. Their journey, fueled by a desire for power, led to the destruction of the gates and a confrontation with the enraged god Languit, resulting in the siblings being struck by lightning. Adlao's golden body, like his brothers' copper and rock bodies, met a transformative fate.

Following the siblings' defeat, Adlao's golden body melted into a ball, signifying the end of his celestial existence. Their sister Bitoon, in her attempt to locate her missing brothers, met a similarly tragic fate, being struck by another bolt of lightning that shattered her body into pieces.

Divine Regret and the Birth of Humanity:

In the aftermath of the tragic events, Languit and Tubigan, grieving over the loss of their grandchildren, couldn't revive them. As a symbolic gesture, they bestowed each sibling's body with a light. Tubigan planted a seed that grew into a bamboo tree, and from its branch emerged the first man and woman, marking the birth of humanity.

Aldao and his sunlight

Ang Alamat ng Maiinit na Bukal ng Tiwi

The demigod Sunlight was the son of Adlao, in most stories he is unmaned. Some stories call him Oragon, Uragon, Oratihon/Uratihon is the demigod of the sun, fire, and warmth, described as handsome and lean with golden brown skin, good hearted but is extremely impulsive and rides a golden boat. Son of Adlaw he is known to be the cause of a great fire in Ibalong and his tears turned into Hotsprings  

Long ago when the populace of Ibalong was slowly spreading into their lands, they have built their colony and called it Tigbi(Tiwi). One day the son of the Sun deity named Oratíhon was over the colony and marveled at the beauty of its young maidens.
From his golden boat above the clouds, he saw the most beautiful maiden. He was smitten. He returned to their domain and to his father the sun. He told his father about the beautiful maiden and of how he felt for her. The sun god said to his son, that he is still too young, and that he can not yet fall in love or go near the maiden. For his body was still young and hot and would burn her. If you truly love her you would keep your distance.
The son of Adlao did not heed his father's warnings. The next day he put on his golden diadem, and dressed in his best robes his golden boat and came down to Tiwi. He was so excited to see the young maiden.

When his feet touched the ground. the houses of Tiwi burst into flames. He saw that the people were running away, He walked in search of the beautiful maiden, as he walked he left a trail of fire and destruction. The trees, the houses burned as he passes by. Finally, he saw the girl he desires. His body became hotter. He ran to hold the girl but she burst into flames, then crumbles to dust. Oratihon knelt in front of the ashes of the young maiden and wept. His hot tears fell on the ground. He was about to explode with anguish and would burn the whole Ibalong. From the heavens the gods Haliya and Bulan saw what was happening. Haliya wanted to comedown and smite the demigod to stop him from burning Ibalong but Bulan stopped her, instead he ordered the wind people to go down and try to subdue the demigod. Swiftly the wind people rushed and circled the demigod, containing his flames. Some of the wind people went to Gugurang, the supreme deity went and absorbed all the fire and heat until it was no more.  Oratihon was punished, and forbidden to ever returning to Ibalong nor never go down to earth again. 

Years later the burned lands of Tiwi became green again and no signs of the disaster that what had happened remained, except for the tears of the young lunar deity. His warm tears became the hot springs of Tiwi.

Adlao and his son 

Tagalog variant

Ang Bukal ng Tiwi ay isa sa magaganda at natatanging pook sa Pilipinas. Ito ay may layong higit-kumulang na apatnapung kilometro sa Lunsod ng Legaspi sa Bikol.  Ang Bukal ng Tiwi ay pinagdarayo ng ating kababayang Pilipino at mga dayuhang turista dahil sa mainit na tubig na sinasabing gamot sa iba't-ibang karamdaman.

Noong unang panahon raw, ang Tiwi ay isang magandang nayon.  Bukod dito, nakilala rin ang Tiwi dahil sa magagandang dalaga sa pook na ito.  Nabalitaan raw ito ng anak ng Haring Araw.  At isang araw, sakay sa kanyang karuwahe ay namasyal ang binata sa Tiwi.  Magaganda ang mga dalagang kanyang nakita.  Nabighani kaagad siya sa ganda ni Aila, ang pinakamaganda sa lahat ng dalaga sa Tiwi.  Mabilis na bumalik ang binata kay Haring Araw at ibinalita niya ang napakagandang dalaga na nakita niya.  Sinabi niya sa hari na iniibig niya ang dalaga at ibig niya itong maging asawa.

Malungkot na umiling ang hari at ipinaliwanag sa binata na hindi maaaring mag-asawa ang katulad niya sa mga karaniwang tao.

Nalungkot ang binata sa sagot ng ama kaya hindi na siya namasyal nang sumunod na mga araw.  Ang kanyang karuwahe, kasuotan at mata na nagbibigay liwanag ay hindi na nakita ng mga tao.  Dahil dito nagdilim ang mundo.

Naisip ni Haring Araw na kaawa-awa ang mga tao.  Kinausap niya ang binata upang muling magliwanag ang daigdig.  Pumayag ang binata.  Binalak niyang bumalik sa Tiwi at pakasalan ang magandang si Aila na lingid sa kaalaman ni Haring Araw.

Mabilis na nagbihis ang binata at masiglang sumakay sa kanyang karuwahe.  Dahil dito muling lumiwanag ang paligid.  Kaagad niyang pinuntahan ang Nayon ng Tiwi upang magpahayag ng pag-ibig sa magandang si Aila.  Ngunit nang malapit na siya sa nayon ay sumiklab ang apoy.  Nakita niya na nagtatakbuhan ang mga tao upang iligtas ang kanilang sarili.  At nakita ng binata ang magandang si Aila kaya mabilis siyang bumaba upang iligtas ang dalaga.

Natupok ang buong nayon at ang lahat ng tao roon.  Kinalong ng binata ang natupok na dalaga.  Sa isang iglap ay naging abo ang katawan ng magandang si Aila.  Biglang sumaisip ng binata na sadyang magsisiklab ang anumang bagay na mapapalapit sa kanyang karuwahe at kasuotan, gayundin kung matitigan ng kanyang mga mata.  Naalala rin niya ang paliwanag ng kanyang Amang Araw na hindi maaaring mag-asawa sa karaniwang tao ang katulad nila.  Malunkot na sumakay na muli sa kanyang karuwahe ang binata.  Bumalik siya kay Haring Araw upang ibalita ang masamang bunga ng pag-ibig niya sa isang magandang dalaga.

Sa paglipas ng panahon, nakita ng mga tao ang pagbabagong bihis ng natupok na Nayon ng Tiwi.  May bumukal na tubig sa gitna ng natupok na pook at muling naging lunti ang paligid.  Mula na noon hanggang sa ngayon, pinagdarayo ng mga tao ang bukal ng Tiwi dahil sa mainit na tubig na bumabalong sa bukal na namumuti sa singaw ng init ng araw.

The worship of the sun and the sun deity Adlao among the Bicolanos can be traced to the cultural and agricultural significance attributed to these celestial elements. The sun, as a powerful symbol, represents not only the source of light and warmth but also plays a crucial role in the agricultural cycles. Its energy influences the growth of crops and the overall well-being of the community.

The worship of the sun and Adlao, therefore, reflects the Bicolanos' deep-rooted connection to the natural world and their acknowledgment of the sun's vital role in sustaining life. It also underscores their cultural practices and spiritual beliefs that seek harmony with natural elements, emphasizing the cyclical nature of existence and the interdependence between humans and the environment.

Adlao's character in Bicolano mythology adds depth to the cosmic narrative, showcasing the interplay of optimism, loyalty, and tragedy within the divine family. As the golden man and the radiant sun,  Adlao's legacy lives on in the cultural beliefs and storytelling traditions of the Bicolano people, serving as a reminder of the intricate relationships between gods and the cyclical nature of creation.

Adlao's sun the unnmaed demigod of the sun story aka the unnamed sungod of bikol

In the bygone era, as the people of Ibalong were gradually settling into their lands, they established a colony known as Tigbi (Tiwi). One day, the son of the Sun deity soared over the colony in his golden boat, high above the clouds. There, he beheld the captivating beauty of the young maidens of Tigbi.

Enchanted by the sight, he returned to his celestial domain and spoke to his father, the sun. The son confessed his admiration for the most beautiful maiden he had seen and the feelings that stirred within him. The sun god, wise and cautious, cautioned his son that he was still too young and fiery, and approaching the maiden would bring harm. If he truly loved her, he must maintain a safe distance.

However, the son of Adlao, the demigod was headstrong and did not heed his father's counsel. The following day, adorned in his golden diadem and dressed in regal robes, he descended to Tiwi in his golden boat, eager to see the enchanting maiden.

As his feet touched the ground, disaster struck. The houses of Tiwi erupted in flames, and panic ensued as people fled. Ignoring the warnings, Oratihon walked in search of the beautiful maiden, leaving behind a trail of fire and destruction. Trees and houses burned in his wake until he finally found the girl he desired. His proximity intensified the heat, and as he reached out to hold her, she burst into flames and crumbled to dust. Oratihon knelt in front of the ashes, weeping bitterly, his hot tears falling on the scorched earth.

Witnessing the catastrophe from the heavens, the gods Haliya and Bulan intervened. While Haliya wished to descend and confront the demigod, Bulan, the wise lunar deity, ordered the wind people to subdue Oratihon. Swiftly, the wind people encircled the demigod, containing his flames. Some approached Gugurang, the supreme deity, who absorbed all the fire and heat until none remained.

the demigod faced divine punishment, forever barred from returning to Ibalong or descending to earth again. Years later, the once-burned lands of Tiwi transformed into lush greenery, bearing no signs of the calamity, except for the warm tears of the young lunar deity. These tears became the hot springs of Tiwi, a testament to a tale of love, recklessness, and divine intervention.

ADLAO IN TAGALOG MYTHOLOGY 

In Tagalog mythology they refuse to use his name Adlao, instead they just call him the sungod. The Unnamed God: a sun god who fell in love with the mortal, Rosa; refused to light the world until his father consented to their marriage; he afterwards visited Rosa, but forgetting to remove his powers over fire, he accidentally burned Rosa's whole village until nothing but hot springs remained. 

ADLAO IN TAGALOG MYTHOLOGY BASED FROM BICOL MYTHOLOGY

In one myth an unnamed sun god’s son fell in love with the mortal woman, Rosa. He refused to light the world until his father consented to their marriage. But he forgot to remove his powers over fire when visiting Rosa, her whole village and her was set on fire until nothing but hot springs remained. 

REMINDER

The orally transmitted mythology of the Philippines is intended for sharing and understanding, not for appropriation, commercial exploitation, or the promotion of foreigners and foreign products. It is a dynamic narrative tradition that evolves over time, distinct from the standardized mythologies found in Western and European cultures. Unlike these established mythologies, the Philippine government has not mandated standardized versions of stories and legends.

Orally transmitted stories undergo variations and evolve over time, resulting in numerous different versions. There are many different version told by Filipinos,and retold by Filipinos.