How BULAN got it's name

BULAN SORSOGON

Bulan, officially known as the Municipality of Bulan, is a 1st class municipality located in the province of Sorsogon, Philippines It is nicknamed the "Fishing Capital of Bicol" and is recognized for hosting the Padaraw Festival. The town's motto is "Unhan Bulan."

Known as one of the Top Five Municipalities with the Highest Operating Income in Bicol, Bulan holds ISO accreditation, the Seal of Good Financial Housekeeping from DILG, and other distinctions.Geographically, Bulan is situated at the southwesternmost tip of the Bicol Peninsula on Luzon Island, covering an area of 20,094 hectares. It serves as a vital center for trade and commerce in its region, consisting of 55 barangays and eight zones with a diverse population. Bulan is bordered by Magallanes to the north, Juban and Irosin to the east, Matnog to the south, and Ticao Pass to the west. It is approximately 667 kilometers from Manila, 63 kilometers from the provincial capital Sorsogon City, 20 kilometers from Irosin, and 30 kilometers from Matnog.

Long ago, the town of Bulan got its name through a fascinating legend. In the local Bulaneno dialect, "Bulan" had different meanings like the month of the year, the moon, or a luminary. According to a local historian named Valerio Zuñiga, the term's intrinsic sense, meaning a luminary, became widely accepted due to a historical event narrated by the old inhabitants of the town.

The tale goes that during a Spanish scouting expedition, sailors saw a big and beautiful moon from their ship near Otabi, and the natives who guided them expressed joy upon seeing it. In memory of this event, the Spaniards named the place "Bulan" when they landed. Another version involves two fishermen ashore, thinking the Spaniards asked about the full moon, and answering, "Bulan."

Historical records reveal the name's evolution from "Bililan" to "Builan," and eventually "Bulan."

In the pre-Spanish period, archeological evidence shows thriving communities along the coasts of Sorsogon, dating back to 4,000 B.C. The southernmost tip of Luzon, possibly including Bulan, displayed signs of civilization as early as 960 A.D., with excavations supporting these theories.

In oral mythology, Bulan gained significance as a place where the Moon deity descended from the heavens to bathe in the waters of Bicol. Some believed that the town, situated at the southwestern tip of the Bicol Peninsula, was named in homage to this lunar association. According to oral stories, the spot was considered enchanting, especially during the pale full Moon, believed to be where the lunar deity immersed in the pristine waters of Ubo Falls.

During the Spanish period in 1569, Captain Luis Enriquez de Guzman and Fray Alonzo Jimenez reached Sorsogon, finding a settlement believed to be Otavi. The town underwent various names like "Bililan" before officially becoming "Bulan" as a royal encomienda. The Franciscans began their work in 1583, establishing Gate as a visita of Bulusan. In 1690, "Builan" became a pueblo civil, and Gate was chosen as the town site.

However, Bulan faced challenges during the 19th century due to intense Moro raids. In 1746, a devastating Moro attack destroyed Gate, resulting in the plunder and destruction of Bulan. The town was abandoned, erased from maps for 55 years before reappearing and continuing its journey through history.

The Legend of the Springs of Tiwi: A Tale of Love and Tragedy

 In the ancient days of Ibalong, as the people were gradually establishing their settlements, a colony emerged, known as Tigbi, or Tiwi. This tale revolves around the celestial realm and the consequences of an immortal's love for a mortal maiden, culminating in the creation of the famed hot springs of Tiwi.

The protagonist of our story is Oratíhon, the son of the Sun deity Adlao. One day, while hovering over the colony in his golden boat above the clouds, Oratíhon beheld the beauty of the young maidens of Tiwi. Enthralled by their charm, he singled out the most beautiful among them and was instantly captivated.

Unable to contain his feelings, Oratíhon returned to his celestial domain and approached his father, the sun god, Adlao. Filled with emotions, he confessed his admiration for the mortal maiden. Adlao, wise and aware of the consequences, cautioned his son against acting on his desires. The sun god reminded Oratíhon that his fiery nature, being too young and hot, could harm the maiden he longed for. If he truly loved her, Adlao advised, he must keep his distance.

However, fueled by passion and blinded by love, Oratíhon disregarded his father's counsel. The next day, adorned in his golden diadem and dressed in his finest robes, he descended to Tiwi in his golden boat. Overwhelmed with excitement, he set foot on the mortal realm.

Tragedy unfolded as the celestial being's presence ignited the very ground he tread upon. The houses of Tiwi erupted in flames as he walked, leaving a trail of fire and destruction in his wake. The once serene landscape succumbed to the inferno, houses and trees alike consumed by the heat.

Despite the chaos, Oratíhon persistently sought the beautiful maiden. However, his touch proved catastrophic; as he reached out to hold her, she burst into flames and crumbled to dust before his eyes. Overwhelmed by grief, the son of Adlao knelt before the ashes of the young maiden, weeping for the consequences of his unbridled love.

As years passed, nature worked its healing magic on the scorched lands of Tiwi. The once-burned terrain transformed into a lush, green landscape, concealing any remnants of the catastrophic event—except for the warm tears of the young lunar deity. These tears, falling to the ground, metamorphosed into the hot springs of Tiwi, serving as a poignant reminder of a love that led to both beauty and tragedy. The legend endures, etching the tale of Tiwi's hot springs into the annals of Bicolano mythology.

ORYOL

Oryol is a demi-goddess in Bicolano myths, she is mentioned in the epic Ibalong. Believed to be the daughter of the deity Asuang. Oryol possesses inhuman beauty and prowess when it comes to seduction. In Bikolano stories she is both a villain and a hero. She commanded monsters to battle the human colonies in Ibalong, later she will teach the secret of the gods to Handiog and together, in their reign Ibalong flurished. Aside from having a beautiful face and seductive upper body, it is told that she has a beautiful voice that could lure anyone (both men and women, even animals) Half of her body is a serpent. It is believed that the Naga and the Magindara obey her every command for she is a demigoddess.

Oryol in Ibalong


The land of Ibalong was believed to the domain of mythical monsters and beast, it is where they cohabit freely and peacefully until the human settlers came from the sea.
Oryol, a beautiful demigoddess decided to stop the foreign invaders.
Handiog and his men set traps for Oryol but she is intelligent and does not fall into their traps.

Oryol  (📸 © Noel Borbe)

Oryol is beautiful but half of her body is that of a huge serpent. With the help of the naga and magindara (vicious mermaids) She used her voice and did so the mermaids to lure the warrior, she and the mermaids were able to slay most of Handiog's men. Handiog angered seek revenge and sealed the mermaids inside a huge cave (in Mount Hantik)

Handiog searched alone for Oryol. While looking for the monster Oryol, he heard singing and was captivated by it, only to find out it was Oryol. The two battled, they gained respect for one another for they were both strong and able combatant. The two fell in love.
Oryol thought Handiog the secrets of governing the lands.

Oryol could have killed him but she fell in love with her and help Handiog clean the land of monsters. He with the help of the demi-goddess Oryol revealing the secrets of the gods and beast made Bicol flourished.

Oryol
effigy in Daragang Magayon Festival in Bicol

Oryol
Art by Nadz

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The Love Story of Oryol and the Flourishing of Ibalong

In the midst of Handyong's quest, a captivating love story unfolded with Oryol, a beautiful demigoddess. Initially a formidable adversary, Oryol's intelligence and allure captured Handyong's attention. The two engaged in a fierce battle, but respect for each other's strength blossomed into love.

Oryol, half-human and half-serpent, played a crucial role in Handyong's journey. Her revelation of the secrets of governing the lands contributed to the flourishing of Bicol. The demigoddess, once an obstacle, became an ally in Handyong's quest to cleanse Ibalong of monsters and build a prosperous society.

HANDYONG & ORYOL

Handiong and his men successfully eliminated the dangerous creatures and flying monsters in Ibalong, cleansing the land of its wild beasts.

In a mystical forest, monsters led by the clever serpent, Oryol, freely roamed. Oryol, once a beautiful and intelligent maiden, led these monsters against the humans who had invaded Ibalong. Seeking assistance, she asked for help from mystical beings like Naga and Magindara.

Oryol, a demigoddess, became a strong opponent, using her serpent-like charm and the support of mermaids to hinder Handiong and his men.Surprisingly, Oryol, who could have killed Handiong, fell in love with him and decided to help him clear the land of monsters. With Oryol's assistance, Handiong discovered secrets about gods and beasts, leading to the flourishing of Bicol. Together, they defeated giant crocodiles called Buwaya in combat, staining the Bicol River red with their blood. The survivors, including Sarimao, were banished and sealed away inside Mount Kulasi.

As years passed, Ibalong became prosperous under Handiong's leadership. Handiong established colonies in Isarog, and progress continued. In gratitude, the people named the rice they planted after Handiong. This tale symbolizes themes of love, cooperation, and the triumph of good over evil, enriching the cultural heritage of the Bicolano people. The rivers and swamps of Ibalong turned red with the blood of these mythical beings, marking the end of the monsters' influence.

Oryol

Oryol as a Malevolent Naga

Stories about Oryol are usually contrasting some stories depict her as cruel and cunning, in some kind and has a tender heart. In the legend on how the volcanoes of Bicol come to be. she plays a major part, as a demi-goddess who seek to destroy the noble women from possessing the secrets of the gods. Using her beautiful voice and minions she killed the three most beautiful maiden in Ibalong, thus creating the three mountains or volcanoes in Bicol.

Oryol's Beauty and Cunning:

In Bicolano myths, Oryol is introduced as a demigoddess of extraordinary beauty, believed to be the daughter of the deity Asuang. Her physical allure is not merely superficial; it becomes a formidable weapon in her arsenal, capable of seducing both men and women. Oryol's enchanting voice, coupled with her cunning nature, allows her to command monsters and outsmart the protagonist, Handiog, as he attempts to set traps for her. Her cunning intellect is revealed as she navigates challenges with dexterity, showcasing her ability to manipulate situations to her advantage.

Love's Transformative Power:

However, the narrative takes a profound turn when Oryol's encounter with Handiog sparks a transformative change. The initial animosity between them evolves into a deep and genuine love. This love becomes a driving force in the story, leading Oryol to make a pivotal decision – to reveal the secrets of the gods to Handiog. This act of sharing divine knowledge becomes instrumental in the flourishing of Bicol, marking a significant shift in Oryol's character from antagonist to ally.

Battle againts Buwaya

Oryol was the main reason the mighty Buwaya tribe were defeated and banished.

The Buwaya were a race of crocodile-like creature that can transfrom into humanoid crocodile warriors. They were considered monsters and Handyong defeated the giant crocodiles in combat. Handyong was assisted by Oryol in killing many of them, which lead tinged the Bicol River red with blood. The survivors were banished, along with Sarimao, to Mount Kulasi.

Oryol

Oryol as the villain in TULONG BULOD 

In the mystic realm of Ibalon, where gods and mortals coexisted, a tale unfolded beneath the moonlit skies, blending the haunting echoes of tragedy with the intoxicating allure of love. Ruled by Datu Makusog and his ethereal wife Diwani, their daughters, Malinao, Masaraga, and the youngest beauty, Magayon, were destined to become the loveliest maidens in the land. Masaraga, with her brown beauty and unwavering determination, sought the secrets of the gods to elevate Ibalon's prosperity. Malinao, fari and lovely and veiled in mystery and carried in a palanquin, held a connection to lunar deities, bestowing bounty upon the sea. Magayon, adorned with golden-copper skin and copper hair, possessed a proud spirit, finding solace in the company of birds that sang to her. The enchanting melody of Magayon's avian companions formed a symphony around her. The trio, chosen for the sacred dance of ''atang,'' embarked on a destiny that intertwined divine favor and ominous omens. Masaraga's fervor to unlock the gods' secrets, however, angered Oryol, daughter of the malevolent deity Asuang. Oryol's haunting voice summoned the Banog, a monstrous being, leading to Masaraga's tragic fall from the sky. Oryol, consumed by jealousy, devised a plot against Malinao, transforming into Masaraga to lure her sister into the clutches of malevolent mermaids. The sea swallowed Malinao, extinguishing the light that radiated from her connection to the moon god. Now, Oryol turned her attention to Magayon, a radiant but prideful beauty. Despite noble suitors, including Datu Pagtuga with his treasures from the deep sea, Magayon remained aloof. Gino Panganoron, a noble with the blood of wind people, ventured from afar, captivated by Magayon's allure. As their hearts entwined, Oryol plotted a tragic destiny at the river called Yawa. The slippery stones, orchestrated by Oryol's enchanting melody, beckoned Magayon towards the treacherous waters. Yet, it was the patient and noble Ulap, known as Gino Panganoron, who emerged as her savior, rescuing her from the clutches of drowning fate. Ulap's act of heroism kindled a flame of love, leading Magayon to accept his marriage proposal. Their impending union, however, stirred Oryol's wrath. Infusing wicked thoughts into Datu Pagtuga's mind, Oryol orchestrated his abduction, leading to a dire ultimatum for Magayon – marry or witness her father's demise. On the day of their ill-fated wedding, Ulap and his men descended upon Pagtuga and his warriors, transforming festivities into a battleground. Amidst the chaos, Ulap triumphed over Pagtuga, only to face a heart-wrenching tragedy. An arrow, launched in treachery, struck Magayon, piercing the air with sorrow. As Magayon fell, Ulap's guard dropped, allowing Linog, Pagtuga's loyal warrior, to seize the moment. A spear plunged into Ulap, sealing their destinies together in death. Datu Makusog, in grief, avenged Ulap's death, his bolo striking down Linog. Witnessing the sorrow that befell the three sisters, the gods left their mark on the land. Mount Masaraga, where the first tragedy occurred, and Mount Malinao, where the sea claimed a maiden, emerged as eternal memorials. Yet, it was at the burial site of Magayon and Panganoron that Mount Magayon, now known as Mount Mayon, stood as a testament to love transcending mortality. And as clouds enshrouded the summit of Mount Mayon, the people believed it to be Ulap's eternal kiss, a poignant reminder of a love story entwined with the darkness and passion that defined the enchanting saga of Tulong Bulod.

Duality in Oryol

It is crucial to acknowledge the duality within Oryol's character. In different stories, she is portrayed both as a malevolent naga seeking destruction and as a kind-hearted demigoddess with a tender heart. This duality adds depth to her mythology, emphasizing the multifaceted nature of her existence. Oryol's character is not confined to a singular interpretation, allowing for a nuanced understanding of her role in Bicolano folklore.

Oryol's myth undergoes a profound transformation when love enters the narrative. Despite being initially portrayed as a malevolent force, her encounter with Handiog sparks a change in the demigoddess. The love that blossoms between them transcends the boundaries of their disparate worlds, leading to a mutual respect and understanding.

The pivotal moment in Oryol's story is when she decides to reveal the secrets of the gods to Handiog. This act of sharing divine knowledge becomes instrumental in the flourishing of Bicol. Oryol, once a hindrance to the human settlers, becomes an essential ally in Handiog's quest to cleanse Ibalong of monsters and establish a prosperous society.

beauty, cunning, wisdom, and love. Her character evolves from a formidable antagonist to a vital contributor to the flourishing of Bicol. Oryol's tale serves as a timeless reminder of the transformative power of love and the intricate interplay between gods and mortals in shaping the destiny of a land.

REMINDER

The orally transmitted mythology of the Philippines is intended for sharing and understanding, not for appropriation, commercial exploitation, or the promotion of foreigners and foreign products. It is a dynamic narrative tradition that evolves over time, distinct from the standardized mythologies found in Western and European cultures. Unlike these established mythologies, the Philippine government has not mandated standardized versions of stories and legends.

Orally transmitted stories undergo variations and evolve over time, resulting in numerous different versions. There are many different version told by Filipinos,and retold by Filipinos.

Si Bulusan Nan Si Agingay

 In times of old, beneath the Volcano's grace,

Lived a couple, Bulusan and Agingay, in a tranquil embrace.

Love and happiness filled their days,

A bond unbroken, a harmonious phase.

Yet, jealousy stirred in Casiguran's heart,

A son of Apu Juban, playing a treacherous part.

Envious of the couple's joy so bright,

He schemed to shatter their peaceful delight.

Though Casiguran had a wife, faithful and kind,

His eyes fixated on Agingay, a dark thought in his mind.

To rid his hatred, he planned his father's demise,

Accuse Bulusan, a web of deceit and lies.

Casiguran coerced the village soothsayer, Putiao,

To testify against Bulusan, his sinister shadow.

Agingay pleaded, but Casiguran remained cold,

Deaf to her pleas, his heart uncontrolled.

Before the elders, Gurang Donsol and Matnog,

Bulusan faced false accusations, a cruel flog.

Putiao's deceit led to a fearsome fate,

Fed to a Mampak bird, a death so innate.

Innocent Bulusan met his end,

Consumed by the bird, on the volcano's bend.

Yet, Casiguran's thirst for vengeance unmet,

He demanded more, a sinister regret.

Ordered Agingay to sacrifice her son,

Into the fiery mouth, the deed must be done.

Casiguran, now chieftain, craved more power,

A marriage proposal, a wicked hour.

Agingay, heartbroken, climbed the volcano's height,

Her infant son in tow, facing a gruesome plight.

Irosin, realizing Casiguran's deceit,

Confronted her husband, the truth bittersweet.

Putiao confessed the malevolence in the air,

The village elders, enraged, justice they'd declare.

Rushing to save Agingay, her newborn son,

Angry villagers united, the battle begun.

Discovering Putiao's lifeless frame,

Casiguran's minions, a gruesome game.

Upon the volcano's crater, a heart-wrenching sight,

Agingay lay lifeless, ending her own fight.

Casiguran, exposed, hidden no more,

Caught by the villagers, rage at their core.

Thrown into the fiery abyss he desired,

Vengeance claimed, justice acquired.

Down the volcano, mournful descent,

Agingay's lifeless body, villagers lament.

Tears blended with Bulusan's blood so pure,

Two lakes formed, a tragic allure.

Bulusan Lake and Agingay Lake, serene,

Witnesses to a tale, a love so keen.

The volcano, once a witness to pain,

Now known as Mt. Bulusan, in calmness to reign.

The Apolaki The moutain monster

APOLAKI THE MOUNTAIN MONSTER

 The Apolaki a moutain monster known as the golden mountain monster In Bikolano mythology, the Apolaki instilled fear in the land of Ibalong as it terrorized the region. Faced with this formidable threat, the people of Ibalong sought the assistance of Gugurang, who responded by dispatching his enforcer, Linti.

Linti, the god of lightning, soared above the mountains in search of the menacing creature. His quest led him to encounter the golden and shining Apolaki, a mythical monster renowned as one of the strongest mountain beasts in Ibalong. Apolaki, standing on two feet and resembling a man, bore a dazzling gold diadem that radiated brilliance akin to the sun.

Apolaki was believed to be the fierce guardian of the forest, possessing immunity to fire. Despite the warriors' attempts to combat the creature by setting the forest ablaze, Apolaki remained unscathed, showcasing its extraordinary resilience. Such was its strength that even the formidable lightning god Linti found himself defeated.

Dalogdog came riding a storm cloud to aid Linti

It wasn't until the combined efforts of Linti, the lightning god, and Dalogdog, the thunder god, that Apolaki was finally overcome. Their collaboration proved essential in subduing the mighty mountain monster and restoring peace to Ibalong.

In some accounts, legends narrate that Apolaki was eventually sealed within a massive cave, situated in Mount Hantik, marking the end of its reign of terror in the region.

APOLAKI THE MOUNTAIN MONSTER

The Apolaki: Ibalong's Golden Mountain Monster

Apolaki mountain monster in Bicol mythology

The mystical land of Ibalong was once plagued by the terror of a formidable creature known as Apolaki, the golden mountain monster. This mythical being, one of the strongest mountain beasts in Ibalong, struck fear into the hearts of its inhabitants, leading them to seek the divine intervention of Gugurang, who sent his enforcer, Linti, to confront this monstrous threat.

Description of Apolaki:

Apolaki, the golden mountain monster, stands as a symbol of both awe and dread. Shaped like a man, this creature possesses a striking diadem of gold that radiates brilliance comparable to the sun. Its majestic appearance, however, belies a fierce and formidable nature. It is said to stand on two feet, demonstrating a humanoid form, yet its power extends beyond its physical attributes.

Apolaki's Mystical Attributes:

One of the distinctive qualities attributed to Apolaki is its reputed immunity to fire. Legends tell of its ability to absorb wildfires and exhale flames from its mouth, creating an aura of invincibility that troubled the warriors of Ibalong. In their attempts to eradicate the menace, the inhabitants resorted to setting the forest ablaze, only to discover that the flames had no effect on the impervious Apolaki.

Linti's Encounter and Defeat:

Gugurang's enforcer, Linti, embarked on a perilous mission to confront Apolaki. Soaring above the mountains, Linti encountered the golden, shining monster, realizing the immense challenge that lay ahead. Despite Linti's formidable powers as the lightning god, he too succumbed to the overwhelming strength of Apolaki.

Lightning (Linti) and Thunder (Dalogdog).

Dalogdog's Thunderous Intervention:

The defeat of Linti signaled the need for a combined effort to conquer Apolaki. Enter Dalogdog, the thunder god, whose thunderous might complemented Linti's lightning. Together, they unleashed their divine powers to engage in a fierce battle against the golden mountain monster.

Apolaki's Sealing:

In some variations of the tale, Apolaki faced a unique fate - being sealed within a colossal cave, believed to be located in Mount Hantik. This narrative adds a layer of closure to the legend, signifying the end of Apolaki's reign of terror over Ibalong.

Apolaki in Tagalog and other mythologies

Apolaki is the name of a sun deity in other mythologies all over Luzon of Philippines. War god and Sun god in Tagalog tales, in  Zambales and Pangasinan Mythology Apolaqui A sun and war god. Apolaki was also the patron of warriors and fighters. He is also revered by the Tagalog.

The tale of Apolaki, the golden mountain monster, weaves a captivating narrative of mythical proportions. From its awe-inspiring appearance to its formidable powers, Apolaki stands as an enduring symbol within the rich tapestry of Ibalong's folklore. The saga of its defeat by the combined forces of Linti and Dalogdog, culminating in its sealing within Mount Hantik, offers a timeless lesson in the triumph of unity over adversity.

REMINDER

The orally transmitted mythology of the Philippines is intended for sharing and understanding, not for appropriation, commercial exploitation, or the promotion of foreigners and foreign products. It is a dynamic narrative tradition that evolves over time, distinct from the standardized mythologies found in Western and European cultures. Unlike these established mythologies, the Philippine government has not mandated standardized versions of stories and legends.

Orally transmitted stories undergo variations and evolve over time, resulting in numerous different versions. There are many different version told by Filipinos,and retold by Filipinos.

The Legend of the Springs of Tiwi

The Legend of the Springs of Tiwi

''Long ago when the populace of Ibalong was slowly spreading into their lands, they have built their colony and called it Tigbi(Tiwi). One day the son of the Sun deity named Oratíhon was over the colony and marveled at the beauty of its young maidens.
From his golden boat above the clouds, he saw the most beautiful maiden. He was smitten. He returned to their domain and to his father the sun. He told his father about the beautiful maiden and of how he felt for her. The sun god said to his son, that he is still too young, and that he can not yet fall in love or go near the maiden. For his body was still young and hot and would burn her. If you truly love her you would keep your distance.
The son of Adlao did not heed his father's warnings. The next day he put on his golden diadem, and dressed in his best robes his golden boat and came down to Tiwi. He was so excited to see the young maiden.
When his feet touched the ground. the houses of Tiwi burst into flames. He saw that the people were running away, He walked in search of the beautiful maiden, as he walked he left a trail of fire and destruction. The trees, the houses burned as he passes by. Finally, he saw the girl he desires. His body became hotter. He ran to hold the girl but she burst into flames, then crumbles to dust. He son of the Adlao knelt in front of the ashes of the young maiden and wept. His hot tears fell on the ground.
Years later the burned lands of Tiwi became green again and no signs of the disaster that what had happened remained, except for the tears of the young lunar deity. His warm tears became the hot springs of Tiwi''

PANGANORON - ULAP - BICOL MYTHOLOGY

 Panganoron, also known as Ulap,is the hero prince from Bicol mythology and folklore most known as the favored suitor of the enchanting Magayon. In the realm of mythical origins, his parentage is steeped in a captivating legend: a union between a mermaid and a man. In some renditions, the mermaid, captivated by a sea bandit's love, implores the lunar gods, Bulan and Haliya, to grant her the gift of legs and feet. This divine intervention results in her pregnancy, and the fruit of their love is the fair-skinned, slightly muscular Panganoron.

Endowed with the swiftness of the wind, Panganoron's agility and strength become instrumental in the unfolding drama of love and conflict. His pivotal role begins with the salvation of the proud Magayon, a deed that humbles her and sets the stage for the blossoming of their romance. When confronted by the jealous Pagtuga, Panganoron engages in a fierce battle for Magayon's affections, emerging victorious in a testament to his unwavering love.

The pivotal moment in their story occurs as Panganoron, hailing from the Tagalog region, encounters Magayon at the Yawa river. Enthralled by her beauty, his initial amusement turns to concern as he witnesses her perilous slip on wet rocks, plunging into the water. Acting without hesitation and disregarding his own safety, Panganoron rushes to her aid, pulling her from the river and saving her life. This act of heroism becomes the cornerstone of their friendship, which, over time, evolves into a deep and abiding romance.

With the passage of time, Panganoron gathers the courage to propose marriage to Magayon. Their love story, blessed by Magayon's father, unfolds against the backdrop of a mythical landscape, culminating in their union. However, the tragic twist of fate sees them pierced by the spear of "Linog," sealing their love in eternity.

 Panganoron

In Bicol mythology, the story of Panganoron unfolds as a timeless saga of love, sacrifice, and the creation of the majestic Mayon Volcano. Believed to be the son of a mermaid and a man, Panganoron, or Ulap, emerges as the favored suitor of the lovely princess Magayon. This essay delves into the myths and legends surrounding Panganoron, exploring his character, his romance with Magayon, and the enduring legacy embedded in the heart of Philippine folklore.

Ulap - Panganoron's Origin and Characteristics:

Panganoron's roots lie in the mystical union between a mermaid and a man. In some renditions, a mermaid's love for a sea bandit leads her to seek the lunar god Bulan's intervention. The lunar deity grants her wish for legs and feet, and she gives birth to Ulap or Panganoron. Described as fair-skinned, lean, and moving like the wind, Panganoron embodies mythical qualities that set him apart in the realm of Bicol folklore.

Characteristics of Panganoron: Endowed with the agility of the wind thus the nick name ''Ulap'' or cloud, Panganoron possesses qualities that transcend the ordinary. His fair skin and lean build symbolize his mythical lineage, setting him apart in the realm of Bicol folklore. Panganoron's swift movements echo the wind's grace, emphasizing his heroic nature and the crucial role he plays in the unfolding legends.

The Love Story with Magayon:

Panganoron's significance deepens in his connection with Magayon, the lovely princess of Ibalong Mythology. Initially portrayed as beautiful yet proud, Magayon undergoes a transformation in demeanor as she falls in love with Panganoron. Their love story, marked by humility and passion, takes a tragic turn when circumstances force Magayon into marriage with Pagtuga to save her father, Datu Makusog. The conflict escalates, leading to the demise of Panganoron and Magayon, pierced by the spear of "Linog."

Mayon Volcano: A Monument to Love and Tragedy:

The legend of Panganoron and Magayon extends beyond the narrative of human emotions. It is intricately tied to the creation of Mayon Volcano, a geological marvel on the island of Luzon. The place where Magayon rested after her tragic end eventually gives rise to the majestic volcano, forming an everlasting link between the folklore and the natural landscape.

Variant Mythology and Mayon's Alleged Messages:

A variant mythology suggests that Mayon Volcano's irregularities, causing tremors and eruptions, symbolize the eternal challenge between Patuga and Panganoron. During eruptions, it is believed that Patuga challenges Panganoron, and in calm periods, Panganoron is said to embrace Magayon. This variant myth adds a dynamic layer to the enduring legacy of Panganoron and Magayon, connecting folklore with the geological dynamics of the region.

Panganoron, the mythical suitor of Magayon, transcends the boundaries of ordinary love stories. His origin, characteristics, and tragic romance with Magayon are interwoven into the cultural fabric of Bicol mythology. The creation of Mayon Volcano stands as a testament to the enduring power of their love and sacrifice, etching their tale into the heart of Philippine folklore. Panganoron's legacy lives on, not just in the stories passed down through generations, but in the majestic silhouette of Mayon, where the wind whispers the eternal love of two mythical souls.

Panganoron's character, marked by his divine lineage, swiftness, and unwavering devotion, becomes a poignant symbol of love's triumph over adversity. His story intertwines with the timeless narrative of Daragang Magayon, leaving an indelible mark on the folklore of the Philippines.

Arapan, Nagined and Makbarubak: The Dichotomy of Bicolano Demons and Visayan Gods

Naguined, Arapayan and Magkaburak

The ever confusing interwoven tales of Philippine mythology is as rich and abundant and confusing as its archipelago,but also captivating. The cultural diversity among regions manifests in the varied pantheon of deities and supernatural beings. Arapan(Arapayan), Nagined, and Makbarubak stand as unique figures in this mythological landscape, embodying a fascinating dichotomy between Bicolano demons and Visayan gods.

Naguined, Arapayan and Magkaburak

Arapan(also called Arapayan), Nagined(Naguined) and Makbarubak(Magkaburak) 

To the people of Bicol, these entities arrived as foreign war gods, demons carried from the sea by mysterious tattooed figures. Arapan(Arapayan in Visayan), Nagined, and Makbarubak, often described as brothers with skin bronzed by the sun and sea, possessed bodies adorned with intricate tattoos. Perfect in manhood, strength, and maturity, their voices resonated as one when they spoke. However, the truth about their nature eventually surfaced - a revelation that they were a three-headed monster, sowers of chaos and harm. In Bicolano belief, they were invoked when one sought to inflict pain and destruction, with a perception that the malevolent god Asuang had embraced them as allies.

Naguined, Arapayan and Magkaburak

Contrastingly, in Visayan mythology, Naguined emerges as a god of war and poison. Known to have two warrior brothers, Arapayan and Magkaburak, their blackened skin adorned with countless tattoos and teeth, either blackened or likened to the golden teeth of sharks. Naguined, despite his warlike nature, is a figure who, in Visayan lore, chose to appear as a man and, intriguingly, as a beautiful maiden covered in tattoos. In this guise, he imparted knowledge of poisons and herbs to Visayan warriors, contributing to the martial and healing aspects of their culture.

A noteworthy narrative recounts Naguined and his brothers visiting the chambers of a Dayang, a noble woman. In a moment of passion and knowledge-sharing, the Dayang conceived a child, Nagmalitong Yawa Sinagmaling Diwata. This event was seen as a divine interaction, leading the Dayang and her husband Datu to offer praises to the gods.

The dichotomy between the Bicolano and Visayan perspectives on Arapan, Nagined, and Makbarubak exemplifies the nuanced nature of Philippine mythology. These entities traverse cultural boundaries, embodying both malevolence and benevolence, war and wisdom. Their stories echo the diversity and complexity inherent in the beliefs that shape the Filipino cultural and mythological landscape.

REMINDER

The orally transmitted mythology of the Philippines is intended for sharing and understanding, not for appropriation, commercial exploitation, or the promotion of foreigners and foreign products. It is a dynamic narrative tradition that evolves over time, distinct from the standardized mythologies found in Western and European cultures. Unlike these established mythologies, the Philippine government has not mandated standardized versions of stories and legends.

Orally transmitted stories undergo variations and evolve over time, resulting in numerous different versions. There are many different version told by Filipinos,and retold by Filipinos.

Arapan, Nagined and Makbarubak

NAGINED ARAPAYAN AT MAGKABURAK

Naguined, Arapayan and Magkaburak

Arapan, Nagined and Makbarubak

Demons of Bicol mythology

To the people of Bicol they are foreign gods, they are demons brought from the sea by the tattooed ones. Arapan(also called Arapayan), Nagined and Makbarubak(Magkaburak) were brothers with skin golden from sun and the sea, their bodies and faces were covered with elaborate tattoos. They were perfect in manhood, in strength and maturity, and when they speak they speak as if they were one. The people of Bicol discovered their true form which was a three headed monster that causes harm and chaos.They are demons invoked when one wants to do harm.The Bicolano belived that the evil god Asuang embraced them as his ally, they they are invoked when one wants to cause chaos and destruction. 

Art by Sili King of Bicol

Visayan warriors
Karakoa or warship

Naguined, Arapayan and Magkaburak

Bicolano demons but Visayan gods


Naguined is the god of war and poison of the Visayans he is known to have two brothers who are also warriors,Arapayan(Arapan) and Magkaburak their skin blackened by countless tattoos and their teeth are said to be blackened, some say they have golden teeth like those of sharks. Naguined is prominently known to be a man but he choose to appear to men in the guise of a beautiful, some orally passed down stories tells of how Naguined chose to appear as a lovely maiden covered in tattoos to the Visayan warriors and thought them how to use poisons and herbs. There is also a story where Naguined and his brothers Arapayan and Magkaburak appear before the chambers of a Dayang (Noble woman) where they lay with her in lust and in knowledge, the Dayang conceived a child (Nagmalitong Yawa Sinagmaling Diwata), she and her husband Datu praised the gods.

Naguinden, Magkaburak, and Arapayan - Bikolano Demons

RABOT THE STRONGEST AND FINAL MOSTER OF IBALONG

Rabot, the ultimate monster of Ibalong, marked the culmination of monstrous entities dwelling in the region. This formidable creature embodied a hybrid nature, being half-human and half-beast. His imposing figure featured a muscular upper body reminiscent of a man, while his lower body resembled that of a water buffalo, and some compared it to a horse, akin to a tikbalang, albeit with a human face. Rabot possessed golden sharp teeth and a malevolent ability to turn unsuspecting victims into stone. His strength and swiftness rivaled the most ferocious beasts of the forest, and his resonant voice echoed like a thunderous roar. Additionally, massive bat wings adorned his frame, casting a shadow that seemed to engulf the moon when he soared through the night sky.

The legend surrounding Rabot traced back to a young commoner who inadvertently became the mother of this monstrous being. Engaged in her routine of collecting limpets by the beach, she encountered three initially monstrous men on a warship. As they approached, the sun unveiled their true, handsome forms radiating with manly allure and adorned in gold. The young woman succumbed to their enchanting presence, leading to an encounter on the beach under the morning sun. The aftermath left her with piles of gold but also with a swelling belly, revealing an unexpected pregnancy. The subsequent birth under the full moon unveiled a monstrously large newborn, prompting the horrified mother to contemplate infanticide. The intervention of the moon god persuaded her to show mercy, leading to the child being placed in a cave near the beach under the care of mermaids.

Named Rabot, the child grew into an immense, hulking figure with the mind of a child, regularly receiving visits from his mother who brought baskets of fruits. Tragedy struck when Rabot's mother perished during a deluge caused by the storm god Onos, leaving Rabot to discover the ruins of Ibalong, including his mother among the dead. Exploiting the situation, the god Asuang deceived Rabot into believing that villagers were responsible for his mother's death, triggering a rampage where he turned people into stone.

Despite the efforts of a thousand men, Rabot proved invincible. It was the ingenious hero Bantong who, patiently waiting for Rabot to fall asleep, delivered a fatal blow with a single stab. Curiously, Handyong, the revered hero, felt a sense of sorrow at Rabot's demise. This event marked the end of an era, symbolizing a shift wherein humans, with their free will, hunting skills, and mastery of magic and ceremonial incantations, surpassed monsters in their capacity for destruction.

Naguinden, Magkaburak, and Arapayan - Bikolano Demons

In Philippine folklore, the Bicol region stands as a repository of mythical tales and supernatural entities. Among these, the enigmatic triumvirate of Naguinden, Magkaburak, and Arapayan emerges as demons of profound significance, their origins intertwined with the sea and the mysterious tattooed figures that brought them ashore. These entities, initially perceived as foreign gods, gradually revealed their true nature, casting a shadow of chaos and malevolence across the Bicolano belief system.

Cultural Differences and Territorial Disputes:

Cultural disparities and territorial disputes further intensified the strained relationship between Ibalong and the Visayans. The gods, once revered in their respective cultural contexts, became symbols of adversity and malevolence when viewed through the lens of historical conflict. The gods of the Visayans, invoked during raids, became associated with chaos and destruction in the eyes of the Bicolanos.

Nagined, Arapayan, Magkaburak

The Arrival of Foreign Gods:

Legend has it that Naguinden, Magkaburak, and Arapayan arrived in Bicol as foreign gods, carried by the sea and delivered by mysterious tattooed figures. Their bronze skin, sculpted by the sun and sea, and intricate tattoos adorned bodies that exuded manhood, strength, and maturity. The unison of their voices, resonating as one when they spoke, added an otherworldly aura to their presence. Initially embraced as divine entities, their eventual revelation as a three-headed monster shattered the illusions of the Bicolano people.

Naguined, Arapayan and Magkaburak

Visayan gods

Naguined, Arapayan and Magkaburak

Contrastingly, in Visayan mythology, Naguined emerges as a god of war and poison. Known to have two warrior brothers, Arapayan and Magkaburak, their blackened skin adorned with countless tattoos and teeth, either blackened or likened to the golden teeth of sharks. Naguined, despite his warlike nature, is a figure who, in Visayan lore, chose to appear as a man and, intriguingly, as a beautiful maiden covered in tattoos. In this guise, he imparted knowledge of poisons and herbs to Visayan warriors, contributing to the martial and healing aspects of their culture.

Sowers of Chaos and Harm

Contrary to the benevolent image initially projected, Naguinden, Magkaburak, and Arapayan emerged as malevolent demons, sowers of chaos and harm. In the complex cosmology of Bicolano folklore, these entities were believed to be allies of the notorious god Asuang. Invoked by those seeking to inflict pain and destruction, the triumvirate embodied the darker forces that lurked in the shadows of the mystical realm.

The Alchemical Artistry

One of the distinctive powers attributed to Naguinden, Magkaburak, and Arapayan lies in their ability to create potent poisons in the form of oil. This alchemical artistry served as a formidable tool in their arsenal, capable of causing afflictions and ailments that defied conventional understanding. The poisons they crafted became metaphors for the unseen and intangible forces that could bring both physical and spiritual devastation.

The Immortal Heart and Golden Horseshoe Crab

Adding another layer to their mystique, the trinity of demons possessed an immortal heart. In a peculiar manifestation, one of these immortal hearts would leave its corporeal form, transforming into a golden bulawan na arapayan (bulawana na arapan)horseshoe crab. This creature, seemingly innocuous, produced a miraculous oil(langis ng arapayan) with unparalleled healing properties. The oil was believed to cure wounds, illnesses, and diseases, offering a paradoxical duality to the demons as both harbingers of harm and healers of afflictions.

Tattooing as a Protective Measure:

Tattoos, known as buri among the Bicolano people, took on a new significance as a form of protection against the foreign war gods of the Visayans. The act of tattooing was not merely a cultural practice but a means of fortifying oneself against the perceived ferocity of the Visayan Mangagayaw or raiders. This adaptation of tattooing as a defensive measure illustrates how cultural practices can evolve in response to external threats and conflicts

Naguinden, Magkaburak, and Arapayan stand as fascinating figures in the intricate mythos of Bicolano folklore. Emerging from the sea as foreign gods, their deceptive guise concealed a malevolence that disrupted the spiritual equilibrium of the region. Their alliance with the notorious god Asuang and their mastery of alchemical arts added layers to their narrative, positioning them as formidable entities that transcended the conventional boundaries of good and evil. In the complex cosmogony of Bicolano belief, these demons continue to evoke a sense of awe and intrigue, their tales serving as cautionary reminders of the mysterious forces that shape the spiritual landscape of the Philippines.

The Dynamic Nature of Mythologies:

This narrative underscores the dynamic nature of mythologies, emphasizing that they are not static entities but dynamic narratives shaped by historical events and cultural interactions. The Bicolano perspective on the Visayan gods as demons provides a glimpse into the complexities of pre-colonial Philippine society, where regional dynamics played a pivotal role in shaping diverse mythologies that continue to define the cultural landscape of the archipelago.

The Bicolano perspective on the Visayan war gods as demons offers a poignant illustration of how historical conflicts and cultural clashes can reshape mythological interpretations. As we delve into the rich tapestry of Philippine mythology, it becomes evident that understanding these narratives requires a nuanced exploration of regional dynamics and lived experiences. This perspective adds depth to our appreciation of the intricate ways in which mythologies are woven into the fabric of cultural identity and historical consciousness in the Philippines.

REMINDER

The orally transmitted mythology of the Philippines is intended for sharing and understanding, not for appropriation, commercial exploitation, or the promotion of foreigners and foreign products. It is a dynamic narrative tradition that evolves over time, distinct from the standardized mythologies found in Western and European cultures. Unlike these established mythologies, the Philippine government has not mandated standardized versions of stories and legends.

Orally transmitted stories undergo variations and evolve over time, resulting in numerous different versions. There are many different version told by Filipinos,and retold by Filipinos.